bloc.chem.thermo#
Gas-phase composition helpers (solid carbon removal).
Functions#
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Return the gas phase composition by removing solid species and renormalising the mole/mass fractions. |
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Return a list of gaseous species from the gas object. |
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Return the corrected density of the gas object, removing the solid species. |
Get density and enthalpy under Standard Temperature & Pressure (STP). |
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Get density and enthalpy under Normal Temperature & Pressure (NTP). |
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Get density and enthalpy under Normal conditions according to DIN 1343. |
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Return the Lower & Higher heating values (LHV, HHV) for the specified fuel, in J/kg. |
Module Contents#
- bloc.chem.thermo.get_gas_phase_composition(gas, solid_sp=['C(s)', 'C(soot)', 'CSOLID'], n_C_min=300)#
Return the gas phase composition by removing solid species and renormalising the mole/mass fractions.
- Parameters:
gas (
cantera.Solution) – The gas phase object from Cantera.solid_sp (
listofstr, optional) – List of solid species to remove from the gas phase composition. Default is [“C(s)”, “C(soot)”, “CSOLID”].n_C_min (
int, optional) – Minimum number of carbon atoms to consider a species as solid. Default is 300.
- Returns:
The gas phase composition by removing solid species and renormalising the mole/mass fractions.
- Return type:
- bloc.chem.thermo.get_gas_species(gas, solid_sp=['C(s)', 'C(soot)', 'CSOLID'], n_C_min=300)#
Return a list of gaseous species from the gas object.
- Parameters:
gas (
cantera.Solution) – The gas object containing gaseous species and soot.solid_sp (
listofstr, optional) – List of solid species to consider. Default is [“C(s)”, “C(soot)”, “CSOLID”].n_C_min (
int, optional) – Minimum number of carbon atoms to consider a species as solid. Default is 300. This is used as a second filter to identify solid carbon species. A specie is considered solid if it satisfies one criterium (s in solid_sp) OR the other (n_C >= n_C_min).
- Returns:
A list of gaseous species names (i.e., not solid carbon species).
- Return type:
listofstr
- bloc.chem.thermo.get_gas_phase_density(gas, solid_sp=['C(s)', 'C(soot)', 'CSOLID'], n_C_min=300)#
Return the corrected density of the gas object, removing the solid species.
- Parameters:
gas (
cantera.Solution) – The gas object containing gaseous species and soot. Works with states[i].solid_sp (
listofstr, optional) – List of solid species to consider. Default is [“C(s)”, “C(soot)”, “CSOLID”].n_C_min (
int, optional) – Minimum number of carbon atoms to consider a species as solid. Default is 300. This is used as a second filter to identify solid carbon species. A specie is considered solid if it satisfies one criterium (s in solid_sp) OR the other (n_C >= n_C_min).
- Returns:
The corrected density of the gas object, removing the solid species.
- Return type:
float
- bloc.chem.thermo.get_STP_properties_IUPAC(g)#
Get density and enthalpy under Standard Temperature & Pressure (STP).
Here STP is defined as :
0°C (273.15 K), 1 bar (100 kPa), according to STP by IUPAC (>=1982)
It should not be confused with :
- 0°C (273.15 K), 1 atm (101.325 kPa): as in STP by IUPAC (before 1982) and as in
DIN 1343, used as the base value for defining the standard cubic meter.
15°C (288.15 K), 1 atm (101.325 kPa): as in ISO 2533 conditions
20°C (293.15 K), 1 atm (101.325 kPa), as in Normal (NTP) conditions by NIST
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_temperature_and_pressure.
- bloc.chem.thermo.get_NTP_properties_NIST(g)#
Get density and enthalpy under Normal Temperature & Pressure (NTP).
Here NTP is defined as :
20°C (293.15 K), 1 atm (101.325 kPa), according to NTP by NIST
It should not be confused with :
0°C (273.15 K), 1 bar (100 kPa), according to STP by IUPAC (>=1982)
- 0°C (273.15 K), 1 atm (101.325 kPa): as in STP by IUPAC (before 1982) and as in
DIN 1343, used as the base value for defining the standard cubic meter.
15°C (288.15 K), 1 atm (101.325 kPa): as in ISO 2533 conditions
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_temperature_and_pressure.
- bloc.chem.thermo.get_DIN1343_properties(g)#
Get density and enthalpy under Normal conditions according to DIN 1343.
DIN1343 is the base value for the normal cubic meter (Nm3) and is defined as :
0°C (273.15 K), 1 atm (101.325 kPa), according to NTP by NIST
It should not be confused with :
0°C (273.15 K), 1 bar (100 kPa), according to STP by IUPAC (>=1982)
15°C (288.15 K), 1 atm (101.325 kPa): as in ISO 2533 conditions
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_temperature_and_pressure.
- bloc.chem.thermo.heating_values(fuel, mechanism=None, return_unit='J/kg', verbose=False)#
Return the Lower & Higher heating values (LHV, HHV) for the specified fuel, in J/kg.
The heating values are calculated by comparing initial enthalpy and final enthalpy after oxidation. The final product composition is determined in the case of a complete combustion, where all Carbon elements are oxydized to CO2, all Hydrogen elements are oxydized to H2O, and all Nitrogen elements become N2.
References: https://cantera.org/examples/jupyter/thermo/heating_value.ipynb.html
- Parameters:
fuel (
cantera.Solutionorcantera.Species) – Cantera Solution or Species object representing the fuel.mechanism (
str, optional) – kinetic mechanism including the thermodynamic data used to do the calculations. If not given (default), uses the mechanism of the fuel object.return_unit (
str, optional) – unit of the returned values, default is “J/kg”. Other units are not implemented yet.verbose (
bool, optional) – If True, print verbose output.
- Returns:
tupleoffloat– (LHV, HHV) in the specified unit (default is J/kg). LHV is the lower heating value, HHV is the higher heating value.If O2 is not defined in mechanism,returns nan.
Examples
- ::
import cantera import as ct from bloc.chem import heating_values
g = ct.Solution(“gri30.yaml”) g.TPX = 273.15, 1e5, “CH4:1” # °C, Pa, mole fraction lhv, hhv = heating_values(g) # J/kg
Notes
@Jean: Warning, according to Wikipedia, there are several definition of LHV. Here, we assume that water condensation energy is not recovered, but heat is recovered down to 25°C. Another widespread defintion considers that the products are cooled to 150°C –> no water condensation, nor heat recovery below 150°C.